Oxford Debate: 'A Leader Makes Things Happen'

In this Oxford Debate we are debating whether East Asia's pandemic responses will prove their success beyond this pandemic. Joining us are Bernhard Bartsch, Se-Woong Koo, Valérie Niquet, and Angela Stanzel.

Our key takeaways

Se-Woong Koo opens: much of the Western reporting about the pandemic response in East Asia is not only racist but shows how uncomfortable the West is with the notion of East Asia leading. But in the case of South Korea the laws were passed through democratic institutions after the experience of MERS crisis in 2015 and it has dealt more effectively with the Coronavirus through good governance, characterized by speed, technology, and competence.

Valérie Niquet, arguing against the motion, counters with the cases of China and Japan: both are not made out to be a leader because they are too self-centered. The first is pre-occupied above all with thesurvival of the political regime, the latter with secluding itself even more from the world than it has before. Japan’s low numbers are a result of shutting out the world, not leading it.

Leaders make things happen, they create the dynamic that changes the world – and no one can ignore, says Bernhard Bartsch. China is turning outwards with vaccine diplomacy, RCEP, or even fighter jets. Acknowledging East Asia’s leadership is not the same as promoting it – and as frustrating or a provocation even this might be, the West has to acknowledge this as much as its own shortcomings.

The differences in political systems as well as what people understand as their basic human rights is what makes it impossible for East Asia to be a model for other countries, says Angela Stanzel. Even in terms of pandemic response: the right to privacy, data protection – and that excludes measures such as contact gathering, information sharing, CCTV cameras, or immigration control as it has been done for example by China.

Watch the full video to see which team has won the debate.

Motion

This pandemic shows: East Asia is ready to lead

Speakers

For the motion

Bernhard Bartsch is Senior Expert China and Asia Pacific at the Bertelsmann Stiftung. Before joining the foundation in 2013, he spent more than a decade in China, working as East Asia correspondent for several German-language media, including the daily newspapers Neue Zuercher Zeitung, Frankfurter Rundschau, and Berliner Zeitung, as well as magazines including Internationale Politik, Cicero, and the monthly business journal brand eins. He reported on China, Japan, and South and North Korea and continues to address the political, economic, and social developments in Asia and their impact on Germany and Europe.

Se-Woong Koo is founder of Korea Exposé, an independent media outlet that operated from 2014 to 2019 with a focus on the Korean Peninsula. During that time he contributed regularly to The New York Times Opinion Section, Al Jazeera and the BBC World Service and became known as a leading commentator on contemporary Korea. Before joining the media world, Koo earned his PhD from Stanford University for a dissertation examining the intersection of politics and religion in modern Korea. He was a postdoctoral research fellow at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS) in Paris, France, from 2012 to 2013; and he taught at the Asian University for Women and at Yale University where he was Henry Hart Rice Foundation Faculty Fellow and Lecturer. Koo is currently at work on a book about contemporary South Korean society.

Against the motion

Valérie Niquet is Head of the Asia department at Fondation pour la recherche stratégique (FRS), Senior Fellow at the Japan Institute for International Affairs (JIIA) and a lecturer at Keio University, Tokyo, on Sino-Japanese relations. Valérie Niquet is also a consultant for the French ministry of Foreign Affairs Center prospective and strategy (CAPS) and a Chevalier de l’ordre national du Mérite. She earned her PhD at the University of Sorbonne, Paris, and has published extensively on strategic issues in Asia, Japan’s foreign policy as well as the evolutions of the Chinese political system. Her latest publications include La puissance chinoise en 100 questions (Tallandier, 2017) and Le Japon en 100 questions (Tallandier, 2020). Her latest media contributions include AFP, Le Monde, The Diplomat, The Japan Times as well as Radio and TV programs such as France TV, Radio France Internationale, France Culture or the Voice of America.

Angela Stanzel is an Associate in the Asia Research Division at the German Institute for International and Security Affairs (SWP). Before joining SWP she was a Senior Policy Fellow in the Asia Program and the representative in Germany of Institut Montaigne. She was also the editor of the institute's quarterly publication, China Trends. Prior to that, Angela Stanzel worked as Senior Policy Fellow and editor of China Analysis in the Asia Program at the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR). She earned her PhD in Sinology at the Free University Berlin. Her dissertation focused on China-Pakistan relations. Her research topics include EU-China relations and South Asia in context of China’s rise.

About Oxford Debates

The Oxford Debates at Asia Society Switzerland are a format to address ‘big’ questions that have no one answer or solution but are inviting many conflicting views. Four renowned experts in the field form teams of two, one team arguing for the motion, the other against it.

The Oxford-style format is broken down into four sections: opening remarks, rebuttals, a moderated question-and-answer session, and closing remarks. Before and after the debate the audience is polled whether they agree with the motion or not. The voting breakdown is not shared publicly until the end of the debate. The greater percentage change between the first and second votes determines the debate’s winning team.

Disclaimer: Positions presented in the debate do not necessarily represent the speakers’ views